Spraying of liquids



March 25, 1930;

E. P. DE ZAN SPRAYING. 0F LIQUIDS Filed March 2, 1927 Patented lidar.Z5, 193@ ENRICO PIETRO DE ZAN, OIE SPEZIA, TALY SPRYING: OF LIQUIDSApplication flied Maren a, 1927, serial No.

This invention relates to the spraying ofliquids and more particularlyliquid fuel and its principal Objectis an improved sprayer headconstruction in which the exit opening has -no influence on theatomizing function,

i this hole serving exclusively to direct the .liq-

uid, already atomi'zed when it reaches this y hole, to wherever it isrequired.

Another object of the invention is to cre-v ate an improved sprayerconstruction which allows the perfect atomizing` of the liquid in a coldcondition without requiring either a preheating of the liquid or the useof an atomizing fluid such as compressed air, steam -or the like.

ln applying the invention to a liquid'fuel burner the device accordingto the present circumferentially ing atomizer head formed of two annularplates fastened together' and with a perfect adherence between theircontact surfaces. Upon each contact face of the two plates is applied asystem of ports, the system of ports in one face being displace withrespect to the system of ports in the other face and each system ofports being constituted by a number of ports invention provides an whichextend from the circumference of the plate and two by two of theseportson each face are united` towards the inside in one Iport whichterminates tangentially at the peripher-yof an inner cylindricalcavityof the head5 1n which cavity are provided two central bosses functioningas valves for the control of the port openings of the two sys-v tems ofports and of which bosses oneforming an abutment is fitted with the exitopenof the liquid fuel which has to direct the -atomized fuel in thefurnace.

A' further feature of the present invention consists in aregulatingdevice by means of which it is possibleto obtain an identical,

gradual, simultaneous opening or closure of theportsupon both faces ofthe plates of the head ofthe burner.

The accompanying drawings describe and illustrate by way of example oneconstructional form of the invention.

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the improved liquidfuel burner g .risalta 172,154, ami in muy November 19, 1926.

Figure 2 is a side view ofl a detail ofthe atomizing head Figure 3 is anend view of Figure 2 showing a system of ports in dotted lines arearranged on the contacting face of one plate of the head and anothersystem of ports 'inv chain dotted lines as arranged o n the contactingface of the other on the line a-a of Figur Figure 5 is a sectional headplate of the head;

Figure l is a partial sectionalview taken view of the atomizer taken onthe line b-b of Figre 3.

In these figuresll 1s a cylindrical casing within which is coaxially 2which is seated at one lar groove 3 of a of the casing and arranged afilter end within a circuthreaded plug 4' at one end which is detachablyheld in position at its other end by saidplug against a circular flange5 at the other endof the casing. Passing axiallythrough the casing is arod 6 which is t1 glitly supported on the plug 4 by meansof thestuifingbox 7 engaged with d the plug by means of the nut 8'. The outerend of the rod 6 passes by means .of the threaded portion 9 through theyoke 10 fastened upon the nut 8 by means of the screws 11 so that therotation ofthe rod causes thev axial displacement ofthe same. The innerend of the rod 6 by means of the t connected to the atomier hreadedshank 12 is head. This head consists of an annular member 13 which isinternally threaded to engage the threads 12 on the rod 6, and themember 13 is fastened means of screws so that a good contact will twocontacting annular faces. 16 is vplate to the inner end o the annularlocking 14 tov an annular plate 15 be obtained by the a closing f theburner casing,

vfastened at its edge betweenthe flange 17 and disc 18 threadedin thewall of the casing 1;'said socket presents a calibrated central abutment19 fitting in the cavity 2O of the plate 15 and von'this pinrotates'with a slight friction the atomizer head.. 241s a calibratedboss integral with and of the same diameter as the threaded shank 12which fits in the cavity 2,0 of an outlet port provided the plate 13. 21is on the pin or boss 19 which directs the liquid fuel, atomized .be-

fore it reaches this port, Th@ contacting faces o into the nre box. fthemember 13 and the face of the p' ate 315. The two ports of bosseach'b'eara plurality of sets of ports which pass inwardly from thecircumference` of the plate towards the inner' cavity and there areprovided exactly'threevpairs ofv ports 22, 22 vupon the face of theplate member `13 and three airs of ports 23, 23 upon each pair convergeupon the. face of each plate and intersect to form one port 22 and 23respectively which endwithin thecen' -tral cavity 2() of the atomizerhead in a tan,- gential direction to the periphery of the cavity. Y n

The relative position of the plates 13 and 15 is so established that theliquid `fuel coming from the ports 22, 22 strikes vlirst at a certainangle against the liquid'fuelv coming vfrom ports 23, 23and is thensus'tainedfby the latter in its rotating motion.

From the arrangementin Figure 4 of the drawings it results that theports 22, 22, 23,

so slope towards one ,another that the fuel vwhich issues from theinnerf openings 22` takes -a direction the planel of the port 22, 22thereof which is at an anglevto the plane'of that coming from ports 23,23. y The amount of movement necessary to o en the ports'23 of theatomizer head'with respect to the` abutment-19 on the closing plate 16AAand the` amount of the opening of the holes 22 from the conditionwhethersthe rod .6 is' more orl less threaded on to the member 13. Inthe inoperative position the end face ofthe boss 24 and the end face ofthe abutment 19 press against each otherand the burner is out ofoperation. "The pitch of the threaded shank I i 12 on one end of the rod6 is one half the pitch lof the threads 9 on the other end of the rod 6and the head isprevented in lits rotation by pinsv 26 threaded in thecasing 1 which teri f' posite ends of the'rod than those on the shankent; that is to say, ferent number justing action is secured upon theatomizer head such that not only is the boss 24 which vforms a primaryvalve moved to and `from theabutment 19 but the non-rotary combinedmember 13 and plate 15 which form v a vsecondary valve are also' movedrelatively y sixteen threads to the said abutment;

' vAssuming' that the threads 9 are v eight threads per inch andthat theshank 12 has per inch: in rotating the rod 6 for one revolution in thedirection to unwind the same, the rod will be displaced from the casingfor rotate, the same will unwind for a revolution the openings 23 oftheis establishedby the position -valve recedes from about 3 mm. and as thehead cannot and become ydisplaced on the rod for a distance of 1.5 mm.with the result'that the opening 23 will be opened for 1.5mm. and alsothe openings 22` will be simultaneously opened for exactly -the sameamount.

The liquid fuel admittedv to the .burner traverses the socket 25 anddriven by pump or reaching the burner from an elevated fuel ltank:iows'through the ports "22, 22 in the plate 13 to issue `across theopenings 22Min the cavity 20. '.Inthese'ports the liquid cur# rentsstrikeagainst each other atv acertain angle, the impact initiating thesplitting up (disintegration)`of the luidgjth same effect takes place inthe ports 23, 23of the plate 15 and in all the pairs of ports. .Ina'second place another impact takes place between the streams of fuelwhich issue from the openof the plate 13 and lthe ports 23Y of the plate15, the fuel assuming then a-rotary motion. y An `increased speed of theliquid which is` about 3.meters per second, results from the fact thatthe two combined streams of liquid from the ports 22, 22 and 23, 23respectively have to pass through'the and. 23 in a unit of time andhence the atomizing takesrplace in a perfect manner without requiringthe necessity of a small exit opening 21 for which rearelatively smallports 22 son -it is not requisite that there should be a preheating ofthe fuel provided that it is in 'such a condition that dilliculty at`th'edesired pressure.

rlhe fuel burner according to the present mvention presents also theadvantage with' it be pumpedA without respect to the -known burners ofthe 'kind' that its capacity can be regulated within wideY limits andthis by simply regulating the rod 6 and with this regulation the amountofthe` l 1o' Itis also to be understood that the device j a openings ofthe holes 22 and 23,.

may be-used forthe spraying o f any liquids ichas oil, crude oil, paint,water and the 1 e. v l

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and Patent isdesire to secure by Letters 1 1. Improved liquid sprayer comprising incombination `a casing lhavingga closed end,

means for supplying liquid thereto, a longitudinal shank extendingwithin the casing,

a primary valve at'one end of the shank, a-

liXed abutment on the closed end of the casingl in line with the primaryvalve,a second? ary `annular valve in threaded engagement with theprimary valve andin sliding engagement with the abutment, two sets ofatomizmg ports passing through thewall of the v annular valve, by theabutmentand the other by the valve, means shank is rotated to open theports the primary the abutment to forman primary one set adapted to beclosed.

whereby when the longitudinal intermediate atomizing chamber th'erebe- Itweeny the open one set of ports and at the same time move the annularvalve relatively to the abutment and thereby open the second set ofports in the annular valve,- the two' sets of ports beingsimultaneously, identically and gradually opened or closed, and an out`let port in the fixed abutment t'o directionally discharge the atomizedliquid.

2. A liquid sprayer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinalshank, diiierentially screw threaded at its two ends and adapted topermit proportionate control of the sets of ports and ot' the capacityof the atomizing chamber respectively, the threading at one end engagingthe casirg, an annular valve in screw threaded engagement with thethreadv ing on the other end of the shank and means for preventing therotation of the annular valve.

'3. A liquid sprayer as claimed in claim l, wherein the secondary valvecomprises a pair of non-rotatory tubular members maintained in facecontact, and a plurality of sets of ports in each 4contacting face,those in one face being circularly displaced relatively to those in theother face and each set of ports comprising a pair of tangentiallydirected intersecting passages opening on the external .pe-

.riphery of the corresponding tubular member and coverging into a singlepassage opening on to the internal periphery of the tubular member andthe passage from one set of ports being opposed tothat from the otherset. of ports, the whole forming a system of vatenlizing ports and aninternal atomizing chamber. I

4. Improved liquid'sprayer comprising a casing, a closure therefor withdischarge ori-- Atice therein, a longitudinal shank within said casing,an open ended chamber carried at the en'd of said shank constituting anatomizing chamber, a fixed abutment engaging the free end and within thechamber, atomizing ports establishing communication 'between the saidchamber and the casing and means whereby when the shank is turned,movement of the shank relative to the xed abutment will cover or uncoverthe ports, thereby simultaneously proportionately varying the capa.-city of 'the atomizing chamber and the opening or closing of theatomizing ports.

5. Improved liquid sprayer comprising a casing, a closure therefor withdischarge orifce therein, a longitudinal shank within said casing, anopen ended non-rotating chamber carried at the end of said shankconstituting lan atomizing chamber, a iiXed abutment enf gaging the freeend and within the chamber,

atomizing ports establishing communication between the said chamber andthe casing and means whereby when the shankis turned,

the end of the shank is diiierentially moved in relation to the movementof the side walls of the chamber, and .the upper wall thereof relativelytothe xed abutment, movement of the shank relative to the xed abutmentcovering or uncovering the ports, thereby simultaneously proportionatelyvarying the capacity of the atomizing chamberand the opening or closingof the atomizing ports.

6. Improved liquid sprayer comprising a casing, a closure therefor withdischarge orilice therein, a longitudinal shank within said casing, anopen ended chamber carried at the end of said shank,.a set of atomizingports formed in the chamber wall adjacent to the said end of the shank,a fixed abutment engaging the free end of and within the eham- 1'ENRICO' PIETRO DE ZAN.-

